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澳门精选免费精准资料大全127-谢胜文:我们收到了某些大国的威胁,你们要动手就动手吧,南非,中国,关系
2024-06-04 05:58:13
澳门精选免费精准资料大全127-谢胜文:我们收到了某些大国的威胁,你们要动手就动手吧,南非,中国,关系

5月(yue)29日,南非将举行(xing)种族隔离(li)制度结束以来的第七次大选(xuan),此前推动(dong)南非人民解放的“非洲人国民大会”(ANC,以下简(jian)称“非国大”)长期(qi)以压倒性优势(shi)胜选(xuan),但在(zai)今年的大选(xuan)中,“非国大”预(yu)计将面临严(yan)峻的挑战。近日,大多数民调预(yu)测,“非国大”得票率将首次低于50%;曾任“非国大”南非总统的雅各布(bu)·祖马(Jacob Zuma)也选(xuan)择支持“民族之矛”党派,与“非国大”竞争,给选(xuan)举带来更多变数。

而(er)在(zai)国际舞台上,作为全球(qiu)南方国家的重要一员,南非也颇受(shou)关注。当(dang)地时(shi)间5月(yue)23日,海牙国际法庭就南非针对以色(se)列(lie)的“种族灭绝(jue)”诉讼做(zuo)出了最新(xin)判决,要求以色(se)列(lie)立即停止拉法攻势(shi)。尽管以色(se)列(lie)政府24日发表声明反(fan)对南非和国际法院(yuan)的做(zuo)法,南非政府则(ze)表示国际法院(yuan)的裁决“是(shi)重大突破”,将推动(dong)联合国安理会开展讨论,表示以色(se)列(lie)必须遵守该裁决。

近日,在(zai)北京对话与联合国南方中心联合举办(ban)的“金砖国家货币和金融体系改革(ge)”对话会期(qi)间,参会的南非大使谢胜文与观察者网进行(xing)了一场(chang)对话,就中南关系的现状与发展前景,金砖合作成果,南非在(zai)巴以冲突的立场(chang)以及(ji)南非大选(xuan)进行(xing)了深(shen)入讨论。

观察者网对话谢胜文(图源:北京对话)

中南两国关系进入到更高水平

观察者网:您如何看待中国与南非关系的现状与发展前景?

谢胜文:非常感(gan)谢。我非常荣幸能担任南非驻中华人民共和国大使,中南两国的关系是(shi)与我年轻(qing)的国家一同发展的。我们两国于1998年在(zai)南非人民获得自由后才建立外交关系,在(zai)这之前纳尔(er)逊(xun)·曼德拉刚(gang)当(dang)选(xuan)总统,南非的种族隔离(li)政策(ce)刚(gang)结束,我们随即承(cheng)认中华人民共和国是(shi)中国人民的唯(wei)一合法政府,并结束了与台湾的关系。1998年前南非在(zai)台湾和香港设有外交机(ji)构,而(er)香港在(zai)当(dang)时(shi)已经回归中国了。

实际上,在(zai)两国建立外交关系前,我们的政治关系早已建立。在(zai)南非反(fan)对殖民主(zhu)义和种族隔离(li)的斗争中,中国在(zai)最困难的时(shi)期(qi)给予了我们支持。20世纪50年代,曼德拉的朋友沃尔(er)特·西苏鲁(Walter Sisulu)被派来到这里(li)会见(jian)中国领(ling)导人,请求中国支持南方人民争取自由的斗争,毛主(zhu)席等中国领(ling)导层毫不犹(you)豫地同意并提供了支持。60年代初,南非的一些(xie)自由战士还在(zai)中国军事学院(yuan)接(jie)受(shou)了培(pei)训。

1977年,中国人民解放军南京军区军政干部学校的南非等地学员

因此,这是(shi)长期(qi)建立的信任关系,政治互信对于两国关系是(shi)非常重要的。现在(zai),在(zai)习近平主(zhu)席和西里(li)尔(er)·拉马福萨总统的领(ling)导下,我们正在(zai)将双边关系提升到更高的水平。

习近平主(zhu)席去年对南非成功进行(xing)了国事访(fang)问,将两国关系提升到了更高的水平。首先,我们将南非的经济(ji)重建与复(fu)兴(xing)计划与中国的“一带一路”倡(chang)议结合起来,因为这些(xie)倡(chang)议是(shi)互通的。两国元首还将我们的政治互信关系形容(rong)为兄弟和同志之间的关系,这表明我们的领(ling)导人和我们的政治组织之间有着高度互信。因此,我们的政治关系是(shi)牢固(gu)的。

我们的经济(ji)关系正在(zai)加强,我们现在(zai)也在(zai)重视民间交流。举个经济(ji)方面的例子,当(dang)我们于1998年1月(yue)1日建交并在(zai)北京开设使馆时(shi),南非和中国之间的贸易额约为10亿美元;25年间,这一数额增长到了560多亿美元。从10亿美元到560亿美元,这是(shi)个巨大的增幅(fu)。

在(zai)投资方面也是(shi)如此,南非公司在(zai)中国投资,中国公司也在(zai)南非投资,我们的投资是(shi)互惠互利、相辅相成的。自2009年以来,中国一直是(shi)南非最大的贸易伙伴;自2010年以来,南非一直是(shi)中国在(zai)非洲大陆最大的贸易伙伴,这表明了我们之间经济(ji)关系的实力。

去年,中国贸易部长王文涛(tao)和南非贸工部长帕特尔(er)举行(xing)了会晤,今年3月(yue)他们又在(zai)北京举行(xing)了会晤。为了平衡(heng)两国贸易,中国同意从南非进口更多高附加值产品,两国政府和国家元首在(zai)这个问题上达成了一致。我们非常高兴(xing)的是(shi),去年南非副总统马沙蒂莱在(zai)北京与中国国家副主(zhu)席韩(han)正会面,讨论中南国家双边委员会的工作,评(ping)估我们的工作进展。马沙蒂莱还参观了上海世博会,大约有四十家南非公司在(zai)上海世博会上展示了他们的高附加值产品。日后,我们将继(ji)续(xu)这项工作。

现在(zai),我们两国之间的关键(jian)是(shi)在(zai)新(xin)数字经济(ji)、经济(ji)现代化以及(ji)应对气候变化等全球(qiu)挑战方面相互帮(bang)助合作。可喜的是(shi),我们在(zai)这方面的工作进展非常顺利。

2023年7月(yue)13日,拉马福萨出席华为南非创新(xin)中心剪彩仪式(图源:华为)

因此,中南两国关系的各个方面都在(zai)不断加强,包括有许多南非学生在(zai)中国学习。两国在(zai)卫生、科技领(ling)域的合作也在(zai)不断加强,南非是(shi)新(xin)冠疫(yi)情后中国开放出境团队游(you)的首批国家之一,南非总统将促进中国游(you)客来南非旅游(you)列(lie)为头等大事。

因此,中南两国政府、公司和人民之间未(wei)来只会有更多的双赢合作。这就是(shi)我们每天(tian)为推动(dong)双边关系所(suo)做(zuo)的事情,我们从未(wei)停下步(bu)伐,将继(ji)续(xu)把这种关系推向更高的水平。正因如此,即使在(zai)非洲大陆其他国家,我们也能一同开展联合项目,协助非洲一体化和推动(dong)非洲和平事业。我们正在(zai)与中国合作,中国国家主(zhu)席习近平和南非拉马福萨总统在(zai)南非金砖国家峰会期(qi)间会见(jian)了非洲国家领(ling)导人,详细讨论了这些(xie)问题。

阻碍非洲国家发展的关键(jian)因素之一是(shi)其农产品的准入,因为他们没(mei)有科学家来认证其食品的安全性。去年11月(yue),正如习近平主(zhu)席所(suo)承(cheng)诺的,中国在(zai)南方的海南省召开会议(观察者网注:期(qi)间中方正式发布(bu)了农业农村部落实《我国助力非洲农业现代化计划》务实合作举措(2024-2026)、中非农业科技创新(xin)联盟倡(chang)议、多年生稻创制及(ji)应用等三项成果),这表明中国领(ling)导人说到做(zuo)到,他们不会只给出虚(xu)假的承(cheng)诺。因此,我们可以看到,在(zai)经济(ji)、人文以及(ji)政治等各个领(ling)域,两国关系正变得越来越紧密。

金砖国家体系不同于以往的国际体系

观察者网:金砖国家无疑是(shi)这一关系的关键(jian)要素之一。今年,全世界关注的焦点是(shi)俄罗斯的金砖峰会。那么(me),您认为俄罗斯将如何继(ji)承(cheng)去年南非金砖峰会的精神?您本人在(zai)其中做(zuo)了什(shi)么(me)样的工作?

谢胜文:去年,我们排除万难,成功举办(ban)了金砖国家峰会;当(dang)时(shi)有些(xie)人认为金砖五国会土(tu)崩瓦解,或者无法举行(xing)会议,毕竟这是(shi)新(xin)冠疫(yi)情后金砖五国领(ling)导人的首次会晤,且在(zai)俄罗斯受(shou)到制裁和俄罗斯总统受(shou)到外部压力之后举行(xing)的。但峰会成功了,因为金砖国家有共同的愿景。

2023年南非金砖领(ling)导人峰会现场(chang)

我们虽然是(shi)不同的国家,有着不同的制度,但我们有着非常关键(jian)和重要的共识。我们认为,全球(qiu)治理体系需要改革(ge),以反(fan)映当(dang)前的现状。我们还坚信,必须改革(ge)国际金融体系,以反(fan)映当(dang)前的贸易现状,而(er)不只是(shi)反(fan)映二战后的状况,因为80年间已经发生了很多变化。因此,尽管我们的体制不同,但这些(xie)共识将我们团结在(zai)一起。

作为金砖国家,我们不通过投票来做(zuo)决定,而(er)是(shi)通过协商(shang)一致来做(zuo)决定。我们的领(ling)导人总会想方设法达成共识,大家可能认为这很耗时(shi)间,但在(zai)有政治互信的情况下,达成共识并不需要多少(shao)时(shi)间。举个例子,去年全球(qiu)南方发展中国家要求加入金砖国家的呼声很大,但我们当(dang)时(shi)还没(mei)有最终确定如何接(jie)纳新(xin)的国家,没(mei)有最终确定准入标准,因为我们不想分裂全球(qiu)南方国家。

但我们的领(ling)导人达成了共识,然后邀请了六个国家,根据它们自己的愿意可以在(zai)今年年初加入,毕竟加入的申请是(shi)它们自己提出的。这都是(shi)通过共识达成的,而(er)在(zai)有政治互信的情况下,达成共识是(shi)很容(rong)易的,而(er)人们总是(shi)很容(rong)易坚持自己所(suo)同意的事情。

我们不强调分歧,只强调能团结金砖国家的事情,而(er)正是(shi)这一点给广大发展中国家留下深(shen)刻印象,也是(shi)有这么(me)多国家申请加入的原因。去年有超过25个国家表示有兴(xing)趣,我相信随着今年轮值主(zhu)席国来到俄罗斯,还会有更多国家表示有兴(xing)趣。

因为现实情况是(shi),全球(qiu)南方国家正面临着各种挑战,他们在(zai)金砖国家体系中看到了一些(xie)积极的因素。我们成立的金砖国家新(xin)开发银行(xing)将有助于发展基建,当(dang)我们遇到像(xiang)新(xin)冠疫(yi)情这样的冲击时(shi),金砖国家都能够从应急储备(bei)中提取资金。发展中国家可以看到,我们正在(zai)利用自己的融资工具建设基础设施,而(er)这种融资工具并不像(xiang)当(dang)前的国际金融体系那样附带如此巨大和限制性的条件(jian)。

5月(yue)20日“金砖国家货币和金融体系改革(ge)”对话会期(qi)间,谢胜文与新(xin)开发银行(xing)行(xing)长迪(di)尔(er)玛·罗塞夫合影

正因如此,俄罗斯将国际货币和金融体系改革(ge)作为优先事项,以使其反(fan)映当(dang)前的现状,我们对此表示支持。但是(shi),我们认为这一切都必须透明,而(er)且必须支持发展中国家的发展和贸易。这只是(shi)唯(wei)一的前提条件(jian),但我们已经达成了普遍(bian)共识。有一个工作组正在(zai)研究国际货币和金融体系改革(ge),我们相信,他们将向我们的领(ling)导人提交一份可行(xing)的报告,然后将在(zai)今年的俄罗斯金砖首脑峰会上通过。

南非向国际法庭状告以色(se)列(lie),不是(shi)因为宗教问题

观察者网:全球(qiu)南方国家特别关注的另一件(jian)事是(shi)加沙冲突。南非已在(zai)海牙对以色(se)列(lie)提起诉讼,指控他们施行(xing)种族灭绝(jue)。有些(xie)国家感(gan)到惊讶,此案是(shi)南非而(er)非穆(mu)斯林(lin)国家主(zhu)导推动(dong)的。南非为何采取如此坚决的立场(chang)?您对西方国家反(fan)对南非的立场(chang)有何看法?

谢胜文:首先,我们没(mei)有从宗教的视角看待加沙冲突,而(er)是(shi)认为以色(se)列(lie)的行(xing)径是(shi)公然无视国际法。我们的态度非常明确,甚至在(zai)我们将以色(se)列(lie)政府告上法庭之前,我们就已经与以方进行(xing)了交涉。我们告诉以方,我们认为你们的所(suo)作所(suo)为是(shi)在(zai)实施种族灭绝(jue);我们反(fan)对哈马斯的所(suo)作所(suo)为,即攻击你们的公民、劫持人质(zhi)以及(ji)杀(sha)人。

我们仍然坚信两国方案,认为这是(shi)巴以彼此共存的最可行(xing)的解决方案。我们的原则(ze)是(shi),反(fan)对滥杀(sha)无辜和集体惩罚。如果以色(se)列(lie)想打击哈马斯,就不要去杀(sha)害无辜平民,不要杀(sha)害儿童和妇女,不要毁医院(yuan),不要摧毁支持巴勒斯坦人民的经济(ji)基础设施。这对我们来说一直是(shi)个原则(ze)问题,我们认为,对以色(se)列(lie)这样一个经历过种族灭绝(jue)历史(shi)的国家说,他们应该对此更加敏(min)感(gan)。

加沙地带的巴勒斯坦难民(图源:半(ban)岛电视台)

我们做(zuo)出这一决定是(shi)出于原则(ze),我们将继(ji)续(xu)站在(zai)弱者一边。我们知道这个决定不会得到某些(xie)大国的支持。但对我们来说,如果我们必须为此承(cheng)担后果,那我们愿意坦然承(cheng)担后果。但我们不能保持沉默,因为我们知道被攻击的痛苦。要知道,即使联合国也花了相当(dang)长的时(shi)间才将种族隔离(li)定义为反(fan)人类罪。但是(shi),正是(shi)通过全世界所(suo)有热爱(ai)和平的人们的共同努力,才将种族隔离(li)定义为反(fan)人类罪。这样一来,他们就可以成功动(dong)员国际社会的支持。

所(suo)以,我们在(zai)这方面是(shi)有经验的。以色(se)列(lie)不分青(qing)红(hong)皂白地杀(sha)害巴勒斯坦人民,只因哈马斯袭(xi)击了你们的一些(xie)基地,这就是(shi)反(fan)人类罪,因为以色(se)列(lie)在(zai)试(shi)图消灭这些(xie)巴勒斯坦人民,消灭任何生活在(zai)加沙地带的巴勒斯坦人。这是(shi)不对的。这就是(shi)我们的立场(chang)。

但他们没(mei)有将我们的看法听进去。对我们来说,国际团结问题是(shi)我们建立当(dang)前民主(zhu)制度的基石原则(ze)。曼德拉曾说,只要巴勒斯坦人民没(mei)有获得自由,我们的自由就不完整,因为我们知道被压迫的滋味。如果你是(shi)压迫者,就很容(rong)易忘记压迫别人的经历。但如果你是(shi)受(shou)压迫者,就很难忘记。我们甚至可以原谅那些(xie)压迫我们的人,但我们会挺身而(er)出,反(fan)对种族主(zhu)义的邪恶面目,反(fan)对公然践踏受(shou)国际法保障的人权。

是(shi)的,我们确实收到了某些(xie)大国对我们贸易的威胁(观察者网注:美国议员等人曾多次威胁,取消南非因美国《非洲增长和机(ji)会法案》而(er)享有的免关税优惠待遇),我们已经计算过损失,但我们告诉他们,如果你们要来欺负(fu)我们,威胁说要撤销与我们的贸易,那你们就动(dong)手吧。我们有过多年吃苦的经历,我们会找到办(ban)法的。幸运的是(shi),他们没(mei)有采取这一步(bu),但应该停止这种霸道的做(zuo)法。

我们很高兴(xing)国际社会发出了巨大的呼声:解决冲突的唯(wei)一途径是(shi)对话。应该停止对加沙人民的狂轰滥炸,停止对无辜人民、儿童、妇女的杀(sha)戮,停止他们现在(zai)面临的饥荒。这就是(shi)我们将此事提交国际法庭的原因。

我们很高兴(xing)国际法庭在(zai)听我们的声音,我们仍在(zai)陈述立场(chang)。我们也很高兴(xing)不仅是(shi)阿(a)拉伯国家,越来越多的国家都看到了这一点,因为这不是(shi)宗教问题,而(er)是(shi)关乎如何处理国际法的问题。以色(se)列(lie)是(shi)这一国际法体系的一员,南非也是(shi)其中一员。这个体系规定,如果其中一员像(xiang)以色(se)列(lie)这么(me)做(zuo),各国有义务汇(hui)报,可以把他们告上法庭。

海牙国际法庭23日勒令以色(se)列(lie)停止拉法攻势(shi)(图源:耶路撒冷时(shi)报)

现在(zai)我们面临的挑战是(shi),在(zai)他们看来,我们是(shi)在(zai)攻击以色(se)列(lie),但这实际上是(shi)为了维护联合国体系。联合国体系是(shi)我们在(zai)全球(qiu)范围内唯(wei)一可行(xing)的系统,我们不能让它崩溃(kui)。第一个联合国体系是(shi)“国际联盟”(观察者网注:一战和二战期(qi)间的联合国前身机(ji)构,因重要国家的缺(que)席,以及(ji)轴心国等国无视其规章制度侵略他国,未(wei)能避免战争,二战期(qi)间崩溃(kui)),我们知道它是(shi)如何崩溃(kui)的:当(dang)大国保护他们的朋友,允许他们在(zai)他国为所(suo)欲为或施行(xing)种族灭绝(jue)时(shi),就导致了上一个联合国体系的崩溃(kui)。我们不会允许当(dang)前的联合国体系崩溃(kui)。

南非超过342年的殖民历史(shi)问题,不可能在(zai)30年内得到彻底解决

观察者网:就即将到来的南非大选(xuan),民调显示,“非国大”的得票率很可能首次低于50%;与此同时(shi),前总统祖马则(ze)在(zai)跟非国大唱“对台戏”。您如何看待这次选(xuan)举,您认为国际社会应该如何看待这次选(xuan)举?

谢胜文:南非已经建立了能够支持民主(zhu)制度的原则(ze)和机(ji)构,我们相信我们的法律体系和独立选(xuan)举委员会将在(zai)5月(yue)29日顺利举行(xing)选(xuan)举,并实现和平过渡。我们所(suo)有的选(xuan)举都是(shi)和平的,尽管国际社会时(shi)常对此持有悲观态度。上周末(mo),我们刚(gang)刚(gang)在(zai)使馆进行(xing)了投票,包括在(zai)北京、香港和上海。

在(zai)过去三次选(xuan)举中,所(suo)有的预(yu)测都认为现执政党的支持率将低于50%。幸运的是(shi),这些(xie)民调之前都错了,我不知道这是(shi)不是(shi)因为发起这些(xie)民调的人都对“非国大”持批判态度。我们这次仍然认为他们是(shi)错的。但无论发生什(shi)么(me),选(xuan)举结果都将由选(xuan)民决定,选(xuan)民们将在(zai)29日发出自己的声音。

我们仍然相信会有政治延续(xu)性,因为“非国大”一直是(shi)南非稳定的支柱。国际社会,非洲兄弟都对此有担忧。但我们向他们保证,我们所(suo)建立的制度是(shi)透明的,是(shi)足够强大的,选(xuan)民将做(zuo)出他们的决定。

关于前总统祖马的问题,他仍然是(shi)“非国大”的党员,但目前党员资格已被冻结。他支持另一个政党(“民族之矛”)或领(ling)导另一个政党对执政党来说,并不是(shi)一件(jian)好事。但我认为“民族之矛”的支持率还没(mei)有大到让其扮演重要角色(se)的程度,目前所(suo)谓(wei)的民意调查(cha)预(yu)测该党支持率约为8%,我们不知道它到底会得到多少(shao)选(xuan)票。

2023年12月(yue)16日,前总统祖马出席“民族之矛”党竞选(xuan)活动(dong),宣布(bu)不再支持“非国大”(图源:路透社)

但我们相信,“非国大”目前带来的当(dang)前和长期(qi)稳定性以及(ji)竞选(xuan)宣言(yan),会让很多人相信,政治连续(xu)性是(shi)非常重要的,因为我们是(shi)一个年轻(qing)的国家。我们从来没(mei)有认为,我们因超过342年的殖民主(zhu)义、种族隔离(li)而(er)面临的挑战能在(zai)30年内得到彻底解决,但我们已经取得了进展。我们的政府提供了基本服(fu)务,将南非从一个分裂的国家转变为一个团结的国家,这些(xie)都是(shi)在(zai)短短几年内取得的重大成就。

我们相信,我们将继(ji)续(xu)推进这些(xie)议程,甚至在(zai)选(xuan)举之后以更快的速度推进这些(xie)议程,这样我们不仅在(zai)国内,还在(zai)国际上继(ji)续(xu)发挥我们的作用,与像(xiang)中国这样的国家一同推动(dong)和平发展、和平共处以及(ji)各国之间的合作与团结。

以下为英文原文:

Guancha: How would you assess the present state and future potential of the China South Africa relationship?

Ambassador Cwele: Thank you very much. As the South African ambassador to the People's Republic of China, it’s really been a privilege for me, because our relations matches our young country. We only established the diplomatic relations in 1998 after our freedom. Because it's only after our freedom that President Nelson Mandela changed the apartheid policy and recognized People's Republic of China as the sole representative of Chinese people. So we move away from the relations with Taiwan. It was on Taiwan and Hong Kong, and then Hong Kong was reincorporated.

So when we established these relations, the fundamental thing was that our political relations were long established. China supported us during the most difficult part of our struggles against colonialism and Apartheid. In the 1950s, Nelson Mandela's friend Walter Sisulu came here, sent to meet the leadership of China, asking for support for struggle for freedom. And Chairman Mao and the leadership of China never hesitated to offer this support. They actually went on to train some of our freedom fighters on military colleges in the beginning of the 60s.

So that has been the long established relationships of trust, political trust is very important. Now under President Xi Jinping and President Cyril Ramaphosa, we are taking this relationship to even higher levels. What makes it even more, is that President Xi had a successful state visit last year, which took these relations to even higher level, where they said let's align our key programs for better implementation of our strategic comprehensive partnership. First, we align the South African economic and reconstruction and recovery program, as well as the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative, because these talk to each other. And thirdly, they described our relationship of political trust as a relationship of brothers and comrades, which show the high level of trust between our leaders and our leading political organization. So our political relations are solid.

Our economic relations are strengthening. And now we're focusing on people to people exchanges. Just to put the economic ones, for instance, into perspective, when we established the relations in 1998 on January 1st, opened the office in Beijing, the trade between South Africa and China was about 1 billion US dollars. In 25 years it grew to over 56 billion dollars. That's massive, from 1 to 56. And the investment part as well, South African companies are investing here, Chinese companies are also investing in South Africa. And there's a complementarity about this volume of investment. Now China is one of the large investment partners in South Africa. China has been the largest trading partner of South Africa since 2009. And South Africa is the largest trading partner from the African continent of China since 2010, which shows the strength of our economic ties and relations.

However, last year, your trade minister Wang and my trade minister Patel met, and they met again this year in March in Beijing, where there is a common agreement that we have to balance our trade. In order to balance the trade we agree that we should bring more value added products from South Africa, there's agreement between our government and our president on this matter. And we're very happy that last year when our vice president met your vice president here in Beijing to do binational commission, assessing our progress of work, he also visited Shanghai Expo and we had about forty South African companies which just display their value added products in the Shanghai expo. And we continue this work. The key element, basically between us now is how do we work with each other to help each other in terms of new digital economy, modernization of our economy and also coping with global challenges like climate change. We are working very well on this.

So we can see growing strength in all aspects of our relations. We're very happy that there are many South African students who are studying in China. The cooperation on health, the cooperation on science and technology is getting stronger. We're very happy that South Africa is among the first countries where post covid China open for group tourism, because to us, Chinese tourists coming South Africa is a top priority of my president.

So these are the things we only see that there will be more win-win cooperation between our people, our governments and our companies in this respect. And that's what we do on a daily basis to keep this relationship going, and we never get tired, we continue to take it higher to higher levels. And that's why we’re able, even on the continent, to agree to work on joint projects to assist the integration of Africa, the peace in Africa, we’re working with China. Your President Xi Jinping, and my President Ramaphosa met with African leaders at the sidelines of the BRICS summit in South Africa, where these matters were discussed in detail. In November last year, as President Xi promised, one of the key elements which was stifling the African countries was the access of their agriculture products, because they didn't have scientists to certify safety of their food. President Xi Jinping promised to offer training, called a meeting in Hainan province in the south in November, we show that what our leader say, it's done. They don't just give false promises. So we can see this relationship getting stronger and stronger from all elements, from economic, to people to people and the political.

Guancha: BRICS is definitely one of the key elements of the relationship. This year, what the world's attention is focused on is Russia's BRICS Summit. So how do you think it will inherit the message or the spirit of South Africa's BRICS Summit last year. And what has been your role in fostering this?

Ambassador Cwele: Thank you very much. We had a very successful BRICS summit, against all odds last year. Some people thought the BRICS was going to collapse, not going to meet. It was a first meeting of leaders post covid. It happened just after the sanctioning of Russia and pressure on the Russian president. But the summit succeeded, because we got common vision as BRICS countries.

We do not emphasize things which would create differences. We emphasize things where we unite as BRICS countries, and that's what has impressed most developing countries. That's why there are so many applicants, I want to join. Over 25 countries expressed interest last year, and I'm sure there will be more countries expressing interest as we go to Russia. Guancha: Something else that Global South countries have particularly paid great attention to is the war in Gaza. South Africa has filed a suit against Israel in the Hague, accusing them of genocide. This has surprised some countries that it's South Africa leading this and not a Muslim country. So why is South Africa taking such a strong stance? And what do you think of the western opposition to your stance? But we're not heard. To us, the issue of international solidarity is the principle under which our democracy was founded. To remember Nelson Mandela, he said we will never be free until people of Palestine are free, because we know what it’s like to be oppressed. If you’re an oppressor, it is easy to forget. But if you’re on the receiving end it’s difficult to forget. We can forgive even those who oppress us, but we would stand up to the evil head of racism, blatant abuse of human rights, which are guaranteed by international law, we will stand up. Guancha: On the upcoming South African elections. Polls show your party, ANC, is likely going to be fall below 50% for the first time, and your former President Zuma is playing a counter-productive role in this, from your party’s perspective. What do you think about this election and how do you think the international community should look at this? On the issue of the former president, who is still a member of the ANC, but suspended at that moment, supporting another party or leading another party is not a good thing for the ruling party. But I don't think his support is so big that it may make him as a significant player. The current projected supported by so called polls is about 8%, but we don't know how much he will get. But we believe that the current stability brought by the leading party, and the projected stability, because look at the manifesto, it will convince many people that continuity is very important because we're a young country. We never thought that, with the challenges we face because of apartheid of over 342 years of colonialism will be eliminated just in 30 years, but we've made progress. We have delivered basic services as a government. We have transformed South Africa to be a united country from a divided country. Those are major achievements in just a few years, and we believe that we will continue with these projects, and at a greater pace even after elections, so that we continue to play our role, not only domestic but at the international level, where countries like China are pushing for peaceful development, peaceful coexistence and cooperation and solidarity among nations.

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